Which of the following best describes hygiene factors in the two-factor theory?

Hygiene factors in the two-factor theory, proposed by Frederick Herzberg, refer to elements that, when absent or inadequate, lead to job dissatisfaction. These factors typically include aspects such as company policies, supervision, working conditions, salary, and relationships with coworkers. While the presence of hygiene factors does not necessarily motivate employees to perform better or feel satisfied, their absence can create an environment where dissatisfaction prevails. Thus, it’s critical for organizations to ensure that these hygiene factors are adequately addressed to prevent disenchantment among employees.

In contrast, factors that promote job satisfaction are referred to as motivators. While physical safety can be considered a hygiene factor, it does not encompass the full definition as it solely captures one aspect of employee well-being rather than the broader array of conditions that influence workplace morale. Components that enhance personal recognition also fall under motivators and do not relate directly to the negative impact of hygiene factors. Therefore, the interpretation of hygiene factors aligns closely with identifying conditions that, if missing, could render employees dissatisfied with their job roles.