Which management style is characterized by a hierarchical structure and defined roles?

The bureaucratic management style is characterized by a hierarchical structure with clearly defined roles and responsibilities. This style emphasizes rules, procedures, and a systematic approach to managing an organization. In a bureaucratic environment, authority is clearly defined, and employees are expected to follow established protocols and guidelines. This structure allows for consistency, stability, and efficiency in operations, as it minimizes ambiguity in job roles and expectations.

In bureaucratic systems, communication typically follows a top-down approach where directives come from upper management and flow down through the hierarchy. This can be advantageous in organizations where adherence to regulations and standardized practices is critical, such as in government agencies or large corporations.

The other styles listed do not inherently emphasize a rigid hierarchical structure with strictly defined roles. For example, scientific management focuses on optimizing work through time and motion studies, while administrative management is more about the processes of management rather than a strict hierarchy. Contingency management is flexible and adapts to varying circumstances, which is contrary to the structured approach of bureaucracy.